Technical Note 72: Summary about the discussion of FITS tables

Jure Skvarc
November 13, 2000
Keywords: FITS headers, tables

Discussion on FITS tables had a lot of participants, each with different opinions. I see no convergent line of thoughts which would lead to a standard acceptable for all. Therefore I do not propose any standard for the interchange of raw star lists. I will just review some discussions on this subject.

Arne's format

Apparently, only Arne has a strong interest to exchange raw star lists (i.e. star lists which need a lot of further processing) and also a very clear idea how such lists should look like. The criteria in his selection of fields were:

Header
-----------
Contains a copy of the IMAGE header 
JD  Julian Day
FILTER
EXPOSURE exposure time  (already in image header)
DATE-OBS start of observing (date + time) (already in image header)
OBSERVATORY observatory code (MPC) or observatory coordinates
RA-CENTER
DEC-CENTER
CRVAL1, CRVAL2, etc..
PLATE constants 
APERTURE_SIZE (diameter in pixels)
PSFFUNCTION ? (I guess this would be needed)


Table
------------
XT, YT image coordinates
SXT, SXT  error estimates for the above
PSFMAG, PSFMAGERR magnitude and error estimate obtained by PSF
APERTUREMAG, APERTUREMAGERR magnitude by aperture method
FWHMX, FWHMY  star shape useful for quality control (NOT WELL-DEFINED YET)
ROUNDNESS, SHARPNESS  (additional shape parameters, for definition see DAOPHOT)
PEAK_DN  (to decide whether a star is saturated, etc.)
SKY_DN

Format with a minimal number of required fields

Other people suggested a number of additional fields, according to their own experience in photometric work. Some suggested that the table should contain required and optional fields, mostly because software packages do not all compute the same quantities. Michael Gutzwiller therefore proposed the following:

Header
-----------
Contains a copy the IMAGE header 
JD  Julian Day
FILTER
EXPOSURE exposure time  (already in image header)
DATE-OBS start of observing (date + time) (already in image header)
OBSERVATORY observatory code (MPC) or observatory coordinates
RA-CENTER
DEC-CENTER
CRVAL1, CRVAL2, etc..
PLATE constants 
APERTURE_SIZE (diameter in pixels)

Table Required
------------
XT, YT image coordinates
APERTUREMAG, APERTUREMAGERR magnitude by aperture method
FWHMX, FWHMY  star shape useful for quality control

Table Optional
------------
SXT, SXT  error estimates for the above
PSFMAG, PSFMAGERR magnitude and error estimate obtained by PSF
FWHMX, FWHMY  star shape useful for quality control (NOT WELL-DEFINED YET)
ROUNDNESS, SHARPNESS  (additional shape parameters, for definition see
DAOPHOT)
PEAK_DN  (to decide whether a star is saturated, etc.)
SKY_DN
GOODNESS_OF_FIT (chi-square/pixel)

Extended format

Chris, Glenn and Doug proposed some more fields, which would probably all be optional. Also, there were different other suggestions, too. The following is the maximum format which more or less contains all others.

Header
-----------
Contains a copy the IMAGE header 
JD  Julian Day
FILTER
EXPOSURE exposure time  (already in image header)
DATE-OBS start of observing (date + time) (already in image header)
OBSERVATORY observatory code (MPC) or observatory coordinates
RA-CENTER
DEC-CENTER
CRVAL1, CRVAL2, etc..
PLATE constants 
APERTURE_SIZE (diameter in pixels)

This would tell a reader the column 3 used an aperture of 3.5 pixels, 
column 4 used 5.0 pixels and column 5 used PSF fitting.
TAPPX3 = 3.5
TAPPY3 = 3.5
TAPPX4 = 5.0
TAPPY4 = 5.0
etc..
TPSF5  = TRUE
HISTORY processed by software XXXX version YYYY
HISTORY etc...

Table Required
------------
XT, YT image coordinates
APERTUREMAG, APERTUREMAGERR magnitude by aperture method
FWHMX, FWHMY  star shape useful for quality control

Table Optional
------------
SXT, SXT  error estimates for the above
PSFMAG, PSFMAGERR magnitude and error estimate obtained by PSF
FWHMX, FWHMY  star shape useful for quality control (NOT WELL-DEFINED YET)
ROUNDNESS, SHARPNESS  (additional shape parameters, for definition see
DAOPHOT)
PEAK_DN  (to decide whether a star is saturated, etc.)
SKY_DN
GOODNESS_OF_FIT (chi-square/pixel)
MAGAPP3, MAGAPP5, etc
CROWDING (NOT WELL DEFINED)
NO_BADPIXELS  (Number of bad pixels inside the aperture)

Format for the interchange of the final data

The whole discussion started after Michael Gutzwiller proposed his version of star list format. I only jumped in to propose that the date of observation should be in the header and to exclude some parameters which I did not consider essential. I never thought and I still don't think that exchange of raw star lists will take place on any larger scale even between two individuals, much less between more people. So, I don't think there is a need for a standard for raw star lists.

There is a need for standard for the distribution of the final results, if anybody wants to put them into some database without too much trouble. Michael's proposal was just that and for this a standard should be defined. So, at the end let's show here this, somewhat modified proposal.

Header 
--------------
Copy the IMAGE header 
JD  Julian Day
FILTER
EXPOSURE exposure time
DATE-OBS start of observing (date + time)
OBSERVER observatory code or information how to get observatory coordinates
Number of HISTORY keywords indicating the processing steps, like
HISTORY ACTION:  Calculate sky coordinates
HISTORY Performed by  XYZ program version 5.3
HISTORY Date of operation 2000-11-29

Table
-----------
RA, DEC
MAG
MAGERR
AIRMASS
QUALITY  flags (probably bit fields)